Osteochondrosis is a condition in which some disorders are observed in cartilage along with dystrophic properties. Osteochondrosis can appear in different joints, but most often osteochondrosis affects the intervertebral disc. If we consider the location of the disease, then osteochondrosis is a habit to be divided into chest, cervical, lumbar. Osteochondrosis is a disease that causes back pain about 80% of cases. In the case of complications of osteochondrosis, intervertebral disc hernia sometimes occurs in the head, limbs, and other organs. The most common is lumbar osteochondrosis that causes pain in the foot. Many people complain of manifestations of cervical osteochondrosis, in which hands and headaches are sore. In the chest form, pain occurs in the internal organs.
The cause of osteochondrosis
The first cause of spinal osteochondrosis is a person's convenience. There are many various theories about the cause of osteochondrosis. For example, it is the tendency of hereditary nature, injury, and violation of metabolic processes in the body. Determination of the cause of the disease is complicated by the fact that the disease is shown in people of different ages, different bodies and the degree of physical development.
There is also the theory that the cause of osteochondrosis is the deposition of salt in the spine. However, the experts think it is a certain extent that the delusions. And it is a proper analysis of the causes of the disease that is the main effective treatment of the disease.
With osteochondrosis, the nature of the disease is not inflammatory, degenerative-dystrophic. In the process of developing the disease, the nutrition of the fabric is disrupted, the structure is reborn. People who always have active physical activity have more durable and elastic bone tissue. This is due to the fact that the spinal disc in a person does not have its own vessels, so oxygen and nutrients in the disc come from nearby tissues. The same process can only be full in cases of active blood circulation, which may be only in the process of continuous intensive muscle operation.
Each intervertebral disc is two parts. In the middle -the disc is a gelatin nucleus, which makes the disc elastic, and surrounds the durable rings of the fibrous. If the intervertebral disc food is worse, then the bio -polymer compound structure can be destroyed. Due to the decrease in moisture in the disc, it becomes fragile. And if the spine is charged, the jacket is divided into debris. As a result, its elasticity is significantly reduced. The fibrous ring also loses strength. Such a phenomenon is the starting point for manifestations of osteochondrosis in humans. The manifestation of degenerative-dystrophic changes in the spine is discussed by damaged discs, ligaments, capsules. The same phenomenon is the last stage of the development of the disease.
Unfortunately, the reverse process after changes in the spine is almost impossible. Therefore, the main task of treating osteochondrosis is to maintain the current position.
Basically, the manifestation of osteochondrosis becomes more prominent in people after reaching the age of thirty -five years. Moreover, older people become, more manifestations of disease are observed. However, recently, with back pain complaints, more and more young people deal with doctors.
Causes of early osteochondrosis occurrence are mainly weak physical activity, posture problems, as well as spinal cord, flat feet and obesity. To date, the main causes of osteochondrosis are considered as follows: the following:
- the tendency of heredity;
- problems with metabolic processes, intoxication, infections;
- Excessive weight presence, irrational nutrition (lack of small fluid use of traces);
- presence of spinal injury, curvature, improper posture, flat feet;
- existence in poor ecological conditions;
- inactive lifestyle;
- regular weight lifting, working uncomfortable for a long time, an activity where one often repeats the movement, rotation and relaxation of the body;
- Excessive physical activity, spinal burden due to foot disease, difficulty in the process of wearing shoes, and load during pregnancy;
- Sudden termination -continuous training by people who play sports, stress, malicious smoking.
Symptoms of osteochondrosis
In people who are sick with osteochondrosis, real back pain appears first. Sometimes the pain is accompanied by numbness, as well as the sensation of pain in the limbs. If osteochondrosis therapy does not start on time, then the person quickly loses weight, he has a limb atrophy. With exercise and physical loads, as well as in the process of increasing too heavy objects, in the process of sneezing and coughing, the pain can be more intense. In patients, osteochondrosis reduces the amount of movement, muscle cramps are indicated.
Cervical osteochondrosis is indicated due to the features of the cervical spine structure. The cervical area vertebra has a smaller size than the rest of the spine. Therefore, cervical osteochondrosis is indicated due to the ongoing load on the neck. Symptoms of cervical osteochondrosis are expressed as follows: real pain in the hands, neck, shoulders, headaches can occur. This type of disease is characterized by vertebral artery syndrome. With the manifestation of this syndrome, one feels the presence of the sound in his head, "flies" blink in front of the eyes, and the head rotates. Color -colored places can happen in front of your eyes, in line with someone feeling severe pain in the pulsating character. Symptoms of cervical osteochondrosis sometimes resemble signs of angina pectoris, but patients have no change in the liver in this study.
In patients with thoracic spinal osteochondrosis, the patient feels pain in the chest. Pain can be given to the heart region, as well as other internal organs. Lumbosacral spinal osteochondrosis pain experience lower back pain, which can give the foot, sacrum, to the pelvic organs. Their nerves are affected, sensitive sensitivity, reflexes can be reduced and hypotension can appear.
Diagnosis of osteochondrosis
The specialist prescribes an early diagnosis of osteochondrosis during the patient's initial examination. As a rule, examination is conducted by a doctor's neuropathologist. Usually, patients come to acceptance with complaints of pain, as well as deformation or mobility limitations. The patient's spine was performed in a standing position, lying down and sitting, the doctor examined him in movement and rest. During the examination, doctors should pay attention to one's posture, their physical features, spinal features, muscle release near the spine. You can add the results of the patient's examination with information on whether the spinal deformation, where the pain, and determine the level of intensity. In the process of feeling, it also determines how the muscles are tense on the spine, as muscle tone accompanies most diseases and injuries. To determine the amplitude of the movement of the different parts of the spine, the possibility of bending is studied. When diagnosis of osteochondrosis, tomography is calculated, x-ray, magnetic resonance imaging is often used. This method allows you to know the level of damage to the spine, to determine if there is a hidden pathology and determining the diagnosis. Doctors can determine therapy tactics to choose to be the most effective tactic to be the most effective.
Osteochondrosis treatment
Treatment of cervical osteochondrosis, as well as other forms of disease and their complications, is performed using conservative methods, the purpose is to eliminate pain, restore cerebrospinal root function, as well as to prevent dystrophic phenomena in spine structure.
If all conservative treatment methods do not have the right effect, and there are specific signs for this, then the surgical method of osteochondrosis treatment is sometimes prescribed to the patient. The amount of surgical intervention directly depends on how affected by the spine and the intensive symptoms of the disease are intensive. The severity of the disease also depends on the duration of therapy. As a rule, the active treatment phase uses the conservative method of approximately 1-3 months. After surgery, the patient is restored about one year. After the onset of conservative treatment, many patients with osteochondrosis have an increase in pain. This is a muscle reaction and other formations for treatment.
If the pain syndrome is too severe, it can be stopped quickly using physiotherapeutic methods, medicines and the use of complex training designed specifically for patients with osteochondrosis. It is important to take into account that the important factors that influence the effectiveness of the treatment are the proper behavior of the patient, his sufficient attitude for the need to adhere to advanced treatment methods. For this, perseverance, patience and desire to defeat the disease are important. It has been proven that the most effective is the behavior of conservative treatment and after surgery in the sanatorium, as well as the medical centers specializing in the treatment of the disease. In the presence of necessary equipment, as well as qualified doctors, complex treatment will be the most effective and effective.
Complex therapy in the treatment of cervical osteochondrosis should include physiotherapy, massage, physiotherapy, manual therapy, reflexology, and drug use.
One of the most important methods of impact on the state of the human musculoskeletal system is physiotherapy training. Patients regularly perform a number of exercises, where gradual declining of nerve roots occurs, muscle corset correction, ligaments and muscle flexibility. Special training for cervical osteochondrosis also allows us to ensure effective prevention of further development of the disease. The main condition is the regularity of all exercises.
When using physiotherapy, osteochondrosis is treated with the help of physical factors - magnetic fields, low frequencies, ultrasounds, and others. This technique allows you to reduce the recovery period after surgery, as well as strengthen the effects of different medications. With the help of massage, you can relieve muscle tension, increase blood flow, and effectively strengthen the effects.
To relieve sharp pain, manual therapy is used. This technique also allows you to adjust your posture. Pain is also relieved to use spinal removal - a procedure performed on special equipment. With reflexology, the reflexogenic zone of the human body is exposed and can enhance the effects of other methods.
During the severity of the disease, treatment is used with the help of medications where inflammation is released, the pain is stopped, the metabolic process is activated. Medicines are given intravenously or intramuscularly.
The most significant treatment results are observed when using several methods in the complex. However, in the treatment of cervical osteochondrosis and other forms of illness, only the attending physician should prescribe it.